257 research outputs found
Chinese firms entering China's low-income market: Gaining competitive advantage by partnering governments
This paper investigates poverty alleviation efforts in China and the nature of governmententerprise partnerships there. We argue that firms partnering central and local governments can be an effective strategy to overcome resource-based obstacles in low-income markets. In China, local and central governments are owners of rare and valuable resources, thus offering better access to finance, infrastructure, technical and planning expertise, advocacy through government marketing and distribution channels, and links to other stakeholders. The findings are based on 16 case studies of firms entering the low-income market in China, of which two cases in the agricultural and telecommunication sector are studied in depth. --Partnerships,government,poverty alleviation,China,base of the pyramid
Color Behavior Of BL Lacertae Object OJ 287 During Optical Outburst
This paper aims to study the color behavior of the BL Lac object OJ 287
during optical outburst. According to the revisit of the data from the OJ-94
monitoring project and the analysis the data obtained with the 60/90 cm Schmidt
Telescope of NAOC, we found a bluer-when-brighter chromatism in this object.
The amplitude of variation tends to decrease with the decrease of frequency.
These results are consistent with the shock-in-jet model. We made some
simulations and confirmed that both amplitude difference and time delay between
variations at different wavelengths can result in the phenomenon of
bluer-when-brighter. Our observations confirmed that OJ 287 underwent a
double-peaked outburst after about 12 years from 1996, which provides further
evidence for the binary black hole model in this object.Comment: 25 pages, 13 figure
Determination of fundamental properties of an M31 globular cluster from main-sequence photometry
M31 globular cluster B379 is the first extragalactic cluster, the age of
which was determined by main-sequence photometry. In this method, the age of a
cluster is obtained by fitting its CMD with stellar evolutionary models.
However, different stellar evolutionary models use different parameters of
stellar evolution, such as range of stellar masses, different opacities and
equations of state, and different recipes, and so on. So, it is interesting to
check whether different stellar evolutionary models can give consistent results
for the same cluster. Brown et al. (2004a) constrained the age of B379 by
comparing its CMD with isochrones of the 2006 VandenBerg models. Using SSP
models of BC03 and its multi-photometry, Ma et al. (2007) independently
determined the age of B379, which is in good agreement with the determination
of Brown et al. (2004a). The BC03 models are calculated based on the Padova
evolutionary tracks. It is necessary to check whether the age of B379 which,
being determined based on the Padova evolutionary tracks, is in agreement with
the determination of Brown et al. (2004a). So, in this paper, we re-determine
its age using isochrones of the Padova stellar evolutionary models. In
addition, the metal abundance, the distance modulus, and the reddening value
for B379 are also determined in this paper. The results obtained in this paper
are consistent with the previous determinations, which including the age
obtained by Brown et al. (2004a). So, this paper confirms the consistence of
the age scale of B379 between the Padova isochrones and the 2006 VandenBerg
isochrones, i.e. the results' comparison between Brown et al. (2004a) and Ma et
al. (2007) is meaningful. The results obtained in this paper are: the
metallicity [M/H]=-0.325, the age Gyr, the reddening value
E(B-V)=0.08, and the distance modulus .Comment: Accepted for Publication in PASP, 7 pages, 1 figure and 1 tabl
Spectral Energy Distributions of M81 Globular Clusters in BATC Multicolor Survey
In this paper, we give the spectral energy distributions of 42 M81 globular
clusters in 13 intermediate-band filters from 4000 to 10000 A, using the CCD
images of M81 observed as part of the BATC multicolor survey of the Sky. The
BATC multicolor filter system is specifically designed to exclude most of the
bright and variable night-sky emission lines including the OH forest. Hence, it
can present accurate SEDs of the observed objects. These spectral energy
distributions are low-resolution spectra, and can reflect the stellar
populations of the globular clusters. This paper confirms the conclusions of
Schroder et al. that, M81 contains clusters as young as a few Gyrs, which also
were observed in both M31 and M33Comment: Accepted for Publication in PASP, 10 pages, 3 figure
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